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An Examination of Statistical Trends in Malnutrition and Its Impact on School Attendance in Zamfara State

  • Project Research
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  • NGN 5000

Background of the Study

Malnutrition remains a major public health issue in Nigeria, particularly in northern states like Zamfara, where poverty, food insecurity, and conflict exacerbate the problem (Ahmed & Yusuf, 2023). Malnourished children are at a higher risk of illness, cognitive impairment, and poor academic performance. Malnutrition significantly affects school attendance, as children suffering from hunger and micronutrient deficiencies struggle with concentration and energy levels (Oladipo & Musa, 2024).

Despite intervention programs such as school feeding initiatives, malnutrition continues to impact educational outcomes in Zamfara State. This study seeks to examine statistical trends in malnutrition and its correlation with school attendance, providing empirical data to inform policies that improve child health and education.

Statement of the Problem

High rates of malnutrition in Zamfara State contribute to school absenteeism and dropout rates. Many children suffer from stunted growth, anemia, and wasting, limiting their ability to engage in academic activities (Abdullahi & Garba, 2024). However, there is limited statistical analysis of how malnutrition directly influences school attendance in the region.

Objectives of the Study

  1. To analyze statistical trends in malnutrition among school-age children in Zamfara State.
  2. To examine the relationship between malnutrition and school attendance.
  3. To assess the effectiveness of school feeding programs in reducing malnutrition rates.

Research Hypotheses

  1. Malnutrition significantly reduces school attendance in Zamfara State.
  2. Children with severe malnutrition are more likely to drop out of school.
  3. School feeding programs improve attendance and academic performance.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study will focus on statistical trends in malnutrition among school-age children (ages 5–15) in Zamfara State and how these trends influence school attendance. Data will be collected from health records, school enrollment databases, and national nutrition surveys. The study will examine rural and urban disparities in malnutrition and educational outcomes.

Limitations include challenges in obtaining accurate malnutrition statistics due to underreporting, especially in remote communities. Additionally, factors such as seasonal food availability and security issues in Zamfara State may impact the consistency of data collection.

Definition of Terms

  • Malnutrition: A condition resulting from inadequate or imbalanced nutrient intake, leading to undernutrition (wasting, stunting, underweight) or overnutrition (obesity).
  • School Attendance: The regularity with which children attend school, measured in terms of absenteeism and dropout rates.
  • Stunting: A form of chronic malnutrition where children have low height for their age due to prolonged undernutrition.
  • Wasting: Acute malnutrition characterized by low weight for height, often caused by severe food shortages or illness.
  • School Feeding Programs: Government or NGO-led initiatives that provide meals to schoolchildren to improve nutrition and educational outcomes.




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